Subjunctive, As If, If Only, Would Rather

SUBJUNCTIVE

1.      Hope = berharap

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu pengharapan yang mungkin terjadi di waktu sekarang

Rumus : Subjek 1 + hope/hopes, subjek 2 + v1 + O

Contoh : I hope, I get a good score.

               She hopes, her boyfriend will not be angry with her.

2.      Hoped = berharap

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu pengharapan yang mungkin terjadi di waktu lampau.

Rumus : Subjek 1 + hoped, subjek 2 + v2 + O

Contoh : We hoped, our team would win in the match.

               She hoped, her boyfriend would forgive her.

3.      Wish = berharap

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu pengharapan yang bertentangan dengan kondisi yang sebenarnya di waktu sekarang.

Rumus : Subjek 1 + wish, subjek 2 + v2 + O

Contoh : I wish, I could fly.

               She wishes, she got the lottery.

4.      Wished = berharap

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu pengharapan yang bertentangan dengan kondisi yang sebenarnya di waktu lampau.

Rumus : Subjek 1 + wished, subjek 2 + had + v3 + O

Contoh : She wished, her boyfriend had not been angry with her.

               You wished, you had been rich.

Catatan : Tidak blh menggunakan was.

AS IF (Seolah-olah)

1.      Rumus :

As if + subjek 1 + v1, subjek 2 + v2 + O

Contoh : She acts, as if she were sick.

               He speaks as if he knew everything.

2.      Rumus :

As if + subjek 1 + v2, subjek 2 + had + v3 + O

Contoh : He denied, as if he had not done a corruption.

               They denied, as if they had not stolen the car.

IF ONLY (Andai Saja)

1.      Rumus : If only + Subject 1 + V2 + Ket. Waktu sekarang

Contoh : If only it were winter now.

                     If only she came to the party tonight.

2.      Rumus : If only + Subject + had + V3 + ket. Waktu lampau

Contoh : If only you had attended the meeting yesterday.

                If only it had not been rain yesterday.

WOULD RATHER (Lebih Suka)

1.      Rumus : Subject 1 + Would rather + Subject 2 + V2 + Keterangan waktu skrg

Untuk menyatakan suatu kondisi yang lebih suka di waktu sekarang.

Contoh : I would rather it were winter now.

                You would rather you didn’t have any test.

2.      Rumus : Subject 1 + would rather + subject 2 + had + V3 + Keterangan waktu lampau

Untuk menyatakan suatu kondisi yang lebih suka di waktu lampau.

Contoh : John would rather that you had not been angry with him yesterday.

                I would rather you had gone away from me yesterday.